Introduction to Surti Buffalo
The Surti buffalo is one of India’s most efficient dairy breeds, known for its calm temperament, high milk efficiency, and excellent feed conversion.
Originating from the Surat and Kaira districts of Gujarat, this breed is highly preferred by small and medium farmers because:
It gives good-quality milk
Milk contains 7–8% fat
It requires very low maintenance
It adapts well to hot climates
Surti buffaloes are famous for being docile, friendly, and easy to handle, making them ideal for beginners in dairy farming.
Origin & History of Surti Buffalo
Native to Surat, Kaira, and Baroda regions of Gujarat
One of India’s oldest and purest dairy breeds
Traditionally raised by local milk cooperatives of Gujarat
Highly used in Amul belt for quality milk production
This breed developed naturally through selective breeding, focusing on milk yield and calm temperament.
Physical Characteristics (How to Identify a Surti Buffalo?)
Body Color
Usually jet black
Some animals may have brownish or grey shades
White markings on forehead or legs are acceptable
Horns
Typical sickle-shaped horns
Curved downward and then upward like a crescent
This horn pattern is the key identification mark
Eyes & Face
Eyes are bright and expressive
Face is straight or slightly narrow
Body Structure
Medium-sized body
Smooth and thin skin
Well-shaped udder
Strong legs
Excellent heat tolerance
Tail
Long tail with a black switch
Surti buffaloes are lighter than Murrah and Jaffarabadi but are more fuel-efficient (less feed, more milk).
Milk Production Capacity
| Category | Output |
|---|---|
| Daily Milk Yield | 6–12 liters/day |
| Peak Yield | 14 liters/day |
| Lactation Period | 250–300 days |
| Milk Fat Content | 7–8% |
| SNF | 9–10% |
Surti milk is thick, creamy, and ideal for making curd, paneer, and dairy sweets.
Surti Buffalo Price in India
Prices depend on milk yield, age, location, and purity.
| Milk Capacity | Price Range (India) |
|---|---|
| 4–6 liters/day | ₹45,000–₹65,000 |
| 6–10 liters/day | ₹70,000–₹1,00,000 |
| 10–14 liters/day | ₹1,00,000–₹1,50,000 |
| Pregnant High-Lineage | ₹1,20,000–₹1,80,000 |
Region-wise trend:
Gujarat – best price & purest breed
Maharashtra – slightly higher
Rajasthan – moderate
UP, MP – high price du
Feeding Management (Complete Diet Plan)
Green Fodder
Maize
Jowar
Lucerne
Napier grass
Hybrid bajra
Dry Fodder
Groundnut cake
Wheat straw
Cottonseed cake
Concentrates
1 kg concentrate per 2.5 liters of milk
Mineral mixture – 50 g/day
Salt – 30 g/day
Water Requirement
50–60 liters/day
More in summer due to heat
Special Feeds for High Milk Yield
Yeast culture
Bypass protein feed
Oilseed cakes
Balanced green + dry fodder
Surti buffaloes convert feed into milk very efficiently, which reduces overall dairy cost.
Breeding & Reproduction
First heat: 24–30 months
Ideal breeding age: 2.5–3 years
Calving interval: 14–18 months
Gestation period: 305 days
Lifelong calves: 7–9
Heat signs are easily visible — tail lifting, vulva swelling, and restlessness.
Housing & Management
Well-ventilated shed
Sloped floor for drainage
Cooling system in summer (fans + foggers)
35 sq. ft. covered space
60 sq. ft. open area
Clean water at all times
Surti buffaloes thrive best in semi-intensive or open housing systems.
Common Health Issues & Precautions
Surti is a hardy breed but may face:
Mastitis
Parasitic infections
FMD
Hoof issues in wet floors
Vaccination Schedule
FMD – 6 months
HS – yearly
BQ – yearly
Deworming – every 3 months
How to Increase Milk Production in Surti Buffalo
Provide high-quality green fodder
Balanced mineral mixture daily
Maintain a calm environment
Follow clean milking practices
Ensure proper heat detection
Provide dry bedding and clean flooring
Add oilseed cakes to increase fat
The breed gives maximum results when kept stress-free.
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