Introduction to Bhadawari Buffalo
The Bhadawari buffalo is one of India’s most popular dairy breeds, known especially for its extremely high milk fat content, which can reach 10–14%, the highest among all Indian buffalo breeds.
Because of this premium milk quality, Bhadawari is often called the “Milk Fat Queen of India.”
This breed is native to the Bhadawar region (Agra, Etawah & Bhind area) of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh and is highly preferred by farmers who want low maintenance and high-profit dairy farming.
Origin & History of the Bhadawari Buffalo
Origin: Bhadawar region, between UP & MP
One of the oldest desi buffalo breeds of India
Developed naturally by farmers through selective breeding
Traditionally used for high-fat milk and ghee production
Population once declined but conservation programs revived the breed
Physical Characteristics (How to Identify a Bhadawari Buffalo?)
Body Color
Copper brown or light brown body
Sometimes darker shading on face and legs
Horns
Sword-shaped, curved slightly upward
This horn shape is unique to the breed
Eyes & Muzzle
Bright, alert eyes
Black or brownish-black muzzle
Tail & Switch
Long tail with a black switch
Body Structure
Medium-sized body
Tight skin and strong legs
High heat tolerance
Energetic and hardy
Bhadawari is lighter in weight compared to Murrah, making it easier to manage and cheaper to maintain.
Milk Production Capacity
| Category | Output |
|---|---|
| Daily Milk Yield | 6–12 liters/day |
| Peak Yield | 14+ liters/day |
| Lactation Period | 270–300 days |
| Milk Fat | 10–14% (Highest among Indian breeds) |
| SNF | 9–10% |
This high-fat milk is ideal for making premium ghee, giving farmers better margins.
Bhadawari Buffalo Price in India
Pricing depends on age, milk yield, purity, and region.
| Milk Capacity | Price Range (India) |
|---|---|
| 4–6 liters/day | ₹40,000–₹55,000 |
| 6–10 liters/day | ₹60,000–₹80,000 |
| 10–14 liters/day | ₹90,000–₹1,30,000 |
| Pregnant (High lineage) | ₹1,20,000–₹1,80,000 |
Regional price trend:
UP – best price & pure breed availability
MP – slightly higher
Rajasthan – moderate
Haryana/Punjab – expensive due to rarity
Feeding Management (Complete Diet Plan)
Green Fodder
Berseem
Maize
Jawar
Napier
MP Chari
Dry Fodder
Wheat straw
Paddy straw
Groundnut cake
Concentrate Feed
1 kg concentrate per 2.5 liters of milk yield
Mineral mixture: 50–60 g/day
Salt: 30 g/day
Water Requirement
50–70 liters/day
80 liters/day in summer
Feeds That Increase Milk Fat
Mustard cake
Cottonseed cake
Balanced green + dry fodder
Yeast culture
Bhadawari buffaloes do not require costly feed—simple desi feeding works great.
Breeding & Reproduction
First heat: 24–30 months
Ideal breeding age: 2.5–3 years
Calving interval: 14–18 months
Gestation period: ~305 days
Average calves: 7–9 per lifetime
Heat signs include tail lifting, vulva swelling, and active behavior.
Housing & Farm Management
Well-ventilated open shed
Proper drainage slope
40 sq. ft. covered + 80 sq. ft. open area per animal
Clean drinking water access
Summer cooling: fans + foggers
Common Health Issues & Prevention
Though naturally disease-resistant, Bhadawari buffaloes may face:
Mastitis
FMD (Foot & Mouth Disease)
Parasitic infections
Reproductive issues with poor diet
✔ Vaccination Schedule
FMD – twice a year
HS – once a year
BQ – once a year
Deworming – every 3 months
How to Increase Milk Production
Balanced green + dry fodder ratio
Daily mineral mixture
Mustard cake for improved fat percentage
Stress-free housing
Clean milking practices
Timely breeding & heat detection
Keep udders clean before milking
Bhadawari vs Other Indian Buffalo Breeds
| Feature | Bhadawari | Murrah | Jaffarabadi |
|---|---|---|---|
| Milk Yield | 6–12 L | 10–18 L | 8–14 L |
| Fat % | 10–14% | 6–7% | 7–9% |
| Body Size | Medium | Large | Very large |
| Price | Low–Medium | High | High |
| Maintenance | Low | Medium | High |
👉 Best for farmers wanting low cost and high fat milk.
Profitability of Bhadawari Buffalo Dairy Farming
Income Example (Average)
Milk: 10 liters/day
Fat: 12%
If milk sells at ₹70–90/liter:
10 × 30 = 300 liters/month
Income = ₹21,000–₹27,000/month
Monthly feed cost = ₹8,000–₹10,000
👉 Net Profit per buffalo: ₹12,000–₹17,000 per month
Profit doubles if you sell ghee, because Bhadawari milk makes ghee very efficiently.
Care During Pregnancy & After Calving
Pregnant Buffalo Diet
High-quality green fodder
Calcium + mineral mixture
1–1.5 kg extra concentrate
After Calving
Warm water
Gur + roasted gram mix
Avoid oxytocin – natural let-down is healthier
Best Places to Buy Bhadawari Buffalo
Agra
Etawah
Bhind
Morena
Gwalior
Mathura
UP–MP border cattle fairs
These regions have the purest bloodlines.
Myths and Facts About Bhadawari Buffalo
❌ Myth: Bhadawari gives very little milk
✔ Fact: Milk yield is moderate, but fat percentage is the highest.
❌ Myth: Only available in UP
✔ Fact: Now found in Rajasthan, MP, and Haryana as well.
❌ Myth: Needs expensive feed
✔ Fact: This breed thrives on normal desi fodder.
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